Newton's laws of motion

 Newton's laws of motion are three fundamental principles that describe the relationship between a body and the forces acting upon it, as well as its motion in response to those forces. Here they are:

1.  First Law (Law of Inertia):

A body at rest will remain at rest, and a body in motion will continue in a straight line at constant velocity unless acted upon by an external force. This law emphasizes that an object will not change its state of motion unless a force is applied to it.

2. Second Law (Law of Force and Acceleration):

The force acting on an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration:  

     F = ma , 

where:

     F is the force,

     m is the mass of the object,

     a is the acceleration.

 This law explains how the velocity of an object changes when a force is applied.

3. Third Law (Action and Reaction):

 For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This means that if one body exerts a force on another body, the second body exerts a force of equal magnitude and in the opposite direction on the first body.

These laws form the foundation of classical mechanics and have wide applications in the study of motion and forces in the physical world.